boson degree of freedom

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• Goldstone boson — In particle and condensed matter physics, Goldstone bosons or Nambu–Goldstone bosons are bosons that appear necessarily in models exhibiting spontaneous breakdown of continuous symmetries (cf. spontaneously broken symmetry). They were discovered… …   Wikipedia

• Scalar boson — A scalar boson is a boson with spin equal to zero. Some mesons are scalar bosons.ExplanationThe name scalar boson arises from quantum field theory. The component of such a particle s spin along any axis will always be measured to have only one… …   Wikipedia

• Quantum field theory — In quantum field theory (QFT) the forces between particles are mediated by other particles. For instance, the electromagnetic force between two electrons is caused by an exchange of photons. But quantum field theory applies to all fundamental… …   Wikipedia

• String theory — This article is about the branch of theoretical physics. For other uses, see String theory (disambiguation). String theory …   Wikipedia

• Spin (physics) — This article is about spin in quantum mechanics. For rotation in classical mechanics, see angular momentum. In quantum mechanics and particle physics, spin is a fundamental characteristic property of elementary particles, composite particles… …   Wikipedia

• Quantum chromodynamics — Standard model of particle physics Standard Model …   Wikipedia

• Photon — This article is about the elementary particle of light. For other uses, see Photon (disambiguation). Photon Photons emitted in a coherent beam from a laser Composition Elementary particle …   Wikipedia

• Wolfgang Pauli — Infobox Scientist name = Wolfgang Pauli caption = Wolfgang Ernst Pauli (1900 1958) birth date = Birth date|1900|4|25|df=yes birth place = Vienna, Austria Hungary death date = Death date and age|1958|12|15|1900|4|25|df=yes death place = Zurich,… …   Wikipedia

• Orders of magnitude (energy) — Different orders of magnitude of natural energy production for solar, wind and geothermal versus average global consumption rate (1 W = 1 J/s) This list compares various energies in joules (J), organized by order of magnitude. List of orders of… …   Wikipedia

• Gauge fixing — Quantum field theory (Feynman diagram) …   Wikipedia

• Peccei-Quinn theory — In particle physics, the Peccei Quinn theory is the most famous proposed solution to the strong CP problem, involving new massless particles called axions. One may add to the QCD Lagrangian a term which is CP violating, and its parameter is known …   Wikipedia